Exercises: Morocco: Land of Contrasts
Professor Nora E. McMillan, Department of History
San Antonio College

Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad Program, Morocco - 2004

 

Getting Started 

It is recommended that you print this web page in order to have a hard copy of the instructions and questions in front of you as you use the ArcIMS browser. Once you have printed this page you are ready to start the activities listed below.

To create an electronic answer sheet, copy and paste the questions in a word processing document. 

Overview of Activities

1. Complete the pre-module assessment form.
2. View the PowerPoint presentation "Morocco: Land of Contrasts"
3. Based on the presentation images, write a brief descriptive paragraph summarizing your impression of the ancient and modern Morocco.

 

Using ArcIMS

View the ArcIMS Presentation

3.  Click here to view the ArcIMS Presentation.  You will be using this tool as part of this module.
4.  Briefly describe what ArcIMS does. Make sure you understand the tool functions.

Use the ArcIMS Browser to expand your knowledge of the historical and cultural geography of Morocco.

  • You will now use the ArcIMS browser to complete the module activities.
  • Click here to open the ArcIMS browser and follow the instructions for each activity outlined below.

 

ArcIMS
Activities

INSTRUCTIONS: VIEW ONE

When you first enter the ArcIMS viewer, three layers are already visible: Oceans, Topography, and Country outlines. The topographic layer defines the terrain features that sub-divide the landmass. For most of the views in this exercise, and unless instructed, keep these layers visible (checked).Follow the steps below and enjoy your historical and cultural journey in "Morocco: Land of Contrasts." Instructions for turning on and off layers and other hints are provided in bold italics.

Hint: Always hit Refresh Map after changing layers.

Defining the area

Step 1. Locate Morocco on the map. Use the zoom tool to draw an area large enough to encompass all of Morocco. On the enlarged map of Morocco make certain the following layers are visible (checked): Physiography Labels and Topography.

a. Name the three major mountain ranges that are part of the Moroccan topography. Also list the divisions found in one of the ranges that are found in Morocco.
b. Name the two bodies of water that surround Morocco.

Make the Topography and Vegetation layers visible. Answer the following questions:
c. What vegetational biome area coincides with the coastal plains? Define the term, using the following site and scrolling down:
d. What biome area coincides with the mountainous terrain?

Hint: Remember to refresh with each new layer.

Step 2. Add Rivers to Physiography Labels and Topography. Observe the natural shape of the land. Start thinking about how the physical features of the land made it difficult for community to develop. What implications does that have in regard to political, linguistic and economic development? Write an initial short paragraph about such implications.

Step 3. Add the European Occupations layer and answer the following questions in complete sentences with direct reference to the question:

a. Who were the first "invaders" (occupying force(s))?
b. Who actually occupied most of Morocco for the longest period of time?
c. What countries presently claims Western Sahara?

Add Cities layer and be sure that you still have Physiography Labels visible.
Remove European Occupations and Vegetation layers. Refresh map.

d. What three place names do you readily identify even if only by name?
e. What year did Spain occupy Cueta that is still Spanish to the present day?

Write a brief history of Cueta after reading the article found at:
http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/africa.html

f. Include the role connection with Prince Henry the Navigator.
g. What other city in Morocco does Spain claim?

Hint: You will need to use the Legend button on the left-hand side menu.Use the zoom and I tool.* Remember to refresh the new layer.

h. Who were the original inhabitants of the land we call Morocco?

To find the answer to this intriguing question, use either website listed below and write a full page historical sketch of the Berber culture.
http://www.al-bab.com/maroc/soc/berber.htm
http://i-cias.com/e.o/berbers.htm

Step 4. Add the Languages layer. Again using the I tool*, left click on mouse over the various colored areas. You will see various languages listed at the bottom of the screen as you move from one color to the next.
i. List at least six (6) languages spoken in Morocco.
j. Explain any correlation between language and physiography that you see in the physiography of Morocco. The extent of multilingualism can not be readily assessed but keep in mind what Fatima Sidiqi said about Morocco's diversity in language: it is the "defining component of Moroccan culture (Women, Gender and Language in Morocco, p. 44) ."

Hint: Remember to click the I tool.* Remove Languages layer after you have listed six.

Step 5. Add the Agricultural Production layer, the Irrigation, Frost-free and Precipitation layers. You can also add the Oases layer if you wish.

Visually assess the more prominent agricultural areas, the frost-free days and amount of precipitation per year, the areas where irrigation is available and perhaps the oases in the same areas, and the products grown in Morocco.

Hint: You will need to use Legend and I tool.*

Click here to view a brief Power Point presentation on Moroccan agriculture.

Next view the following web sites for the latest on Moroccan agriculture.

Present State of Moroccan Agriculture

http://www.internationalspecialreports.com/africa/00/morocco/8.html

Environmental Archaeology of Volubilis

http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/staff/profiles/fuller/volubfuller.htm

Recent international development links the futures
of Morocco and the United States.

http://news.uns.purdue.edu/html3month/2004/040303.Tyner.morocco.html

Write a full two-page essay on agriculture in Morocco from ancient times (see link to Environmental Archaeology of Volubilis) to modern times, including the impact that the recent trade agreement with the United States will have on this dominant industry. Discuss the future of Moroccan agriculture based on what you have read. Include reference to the past as based on archaeological digs that took place in Volubilis in 2002. Pay close attention to the two complete paragraphs that are located right under the Excavations photo of Sector D. Click here to view Power Point presentation entitled "Volubilis."

Step 6. A Photographic Journey
Conclude your virtual journey to Morocco by viewing the Power Point Presentation entitled "Morocco: Land of Artistic Beauty."  Click here and enjoy a pleasurable experience and a welcome break.

*The I Tool looks like the letter "i" and allows you to access stored information. You must refresh by clicking on the I tool with every use.

 

 Summary

and

Assessment

Summarize your understanding of .....

Summarize your understanding of how environmental and geographical features have influenced the development of culture over thousands of years.


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Last updated November 2004